IUFRO Spotlight #34
Investigating Potential and Risks in Biomass
Renewable resources are critical to the sustainable future of our planet. That means biomass is being looked on, in many ways, as a potential game-changer.
It is seen as a mitigator of climate change, as a source of energy and as the source for a variety of bio-based products that range from wood to bio-plastics and composite materials.
Recognizing this, IUFRO's newly constituted Sustainable Forest Biomass Network Task Force plans to explore the potentials and the risks of further development of biomass – specifically biomass from forests.
The Task Force is one of several organized to advance knowledge under five research themes in accordance with the IUFRO 2015-2019 Strategy.
The five themes are: Forests, Soil and Water Interactions; Forests for People; Forests and Climate Change; Forests and Forest-based Products for a Greener Future; and Biodiversity, Ecosystem Services and Biological Invasions.
Dr. Viktor Bruckman, of the Austrian Academy of Sciences and the coordinator of this Task Force, says the primary focus of his team will be on the Forests and Climate Change theme.
However, he is quick to add that, given the cross-disciplinary nature of sustainable forest biomass, the Task Force will address topics on all of the theme areas.
The emphasis on the climate change aspect stems in part from the last report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), which indicated more active carbon sequestration strategies are necessary to meet targets.
The share of arable land, according to World Bank data for 2012, is about 11% of total terrestrial land area. Forests represent about 31%.
Biomass from agricultural systems is used largely to produce food and animal feed products with very little going to other uses. That suggests the largest potential for biomass as a resource for industrial feedstock materials and energy lies in natural and planted forest ecosystems.
Dr. Bruckman says, "There are many expectations of what biomass can do, but I think we must also define the limits of biomass and get a clear idea of what potentials and risks lie in its further development.
"From a forest manager's perspective," he says, "sustainable biomass production means the land has to be managed in a way that allows it to be harvested for generations, without degradation."
"On the other hand," he adds, "an investor may look at a sustainable investment strategy and perhaps be less sensitive to ecological issues, which are often playing a role in different temporal scales. So we need a clear definition to show the boundaries of a bio-economy."
Large potentials lie in forests, he says, but the challenge is to use these potentials while ensuring sustainability and protection of environmental services such as clean water and biodiversity.
That, he adds, "is the core question our Task Force is trying to assess in all its multiple dimensions."
And he notes an important distinction. "Our Task Force is about biomass, not bioenergy," Dr. Bruckman says. "Biomass is a very heterogeneous feed stock with virtually unlimited potential uses and energy is just one way – ideally at the end of cascade utilization – to use it."
Learn more about the new IUFRO Task Force "Sustainable Forest Biomass Network":
http://www.iufro.org/science/task-forces/forest-biomass/
The International Union of Forest Research Organizations (IUFRO) is the only worldwide organization devoted to forest research and related sciences. Its members are research institutions, universities, and individual scientists as well as decision-making authorities and other stakeholders with a focus on forests and trees. Visit: http://www.iufro.org/
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ABOUT IUFRO SPOTLIGHTS
IUFRO Spotlight is an initiative of the International Union of Forest Research Organizations. Its aim is to introduce, in a timely fashion, significant findings in forest research from IUFRO member organizations and/or involving IUFRO officeholders to a worldwide network of decision makers, policy makers and researchers.
IUFRO will encapsulate, and distribute in plain language, brief, topical and policy-relevant highlights of those findings, along with information on where/how to access the full documents. The IUFRO Spotlight findings will be distributed in a periodic series of emails as well as blog postings.
The findings reported here are submitted by IUFRO Member Organizations. IUFRO is pleased to highlight and circulate these findings to a broad audience but, in doing so, acts only as a conduit. The quality and accuracy of the reports are the responsibility of the member organization and the authors.
Suggestions for reports and findings that could be promoted through IUFRO Spotlight are encouraged. To be considered, reports should be fresh, have policy implications and be applicable to more than one country. If you would like to have a publication highlighted by Spotlight, contact: Gerda Wolfrum, IUFRO Communications Coordinator, wolfrum(at)iufro.org.
IUFRO Spotlight #34, published in November 2015
by IUFRO Headquarters, Vienna, Austria.
Available for download at: http://www.iufro.org/media/iufro-spotlights/
Contact the editor at office(at)iufro.org or visit http://www.iufro.org/
Imprint: http://www.iufro.org/legal/#c18944