Activities and events

From/To Units Title Location

2024-03-18

T38

Webinar: Pantropical tree growth responses to climatic variation and extremes online
Contact: Henrik Hartmann, Email: hhart@bgc-jena.mpg.de
From/To Units Title Location

2024-01-15

T38

Webinar: Harnessing big data and artificial intelligence for forest monitoring online
Contact: Henrik Hartmann, Email: hhart@bgc-jena.mpg.de


Calendar of Meetings

Upcoming events

Webinar: Pantropical tree growth responses to climatic variation and extremes; online; 18 March 2024, 17:00 CET. Speaker: Dr. Pieter Zuidema, Wageningen University. Increasing drought stress under anthropogenic climate change jeopardizes the potential of tropical forests to capture carbon in woody biomass and act as CO2 sink. A pantropical quantification of drought impacts on tree stem growth is needed to evaluate this risk. We established and used the tropical tree-ring network to assess climate sensitivity and drought impacts. Based on 477 tree-ring chronologies we found modest stem growth declines (median: 2-4%) during the 10% driest years. Growth declines were larger for dry-season than wet-season droughts, specifically for Gymnosperms, and at hotter and more arid sites. Using empirical relationships between growth anomalies and tropical tree mortality, we estimate the pantropical growth reduction to induce a rise of 0.1% in annual tree mortality (compared to 1% baseline). Lagged growth reductions during post-drought years were rare. Over half of the growth reduction during drought years was mitigated during wet extreme years. Drought impacts on tropical forest carbon sequestration through stem growth have been small and short-lived, but will aggravate under climate change, in particular through associated elevated mortality risks. Details - Registration  


Past Events

  • Webinar: Harnessing big data and artificial intelligence for forest monitoring; online; 15 January 2024, 17:00 CET. Speaker: Philippe Ciais. The fusion of satellite data from different sensors allows to create new maps of forest biomass and height, and their changes over time, down to the level of individual trees. Philippe will present new deep learning models of forest attributes and applications, including an attribution of disturbances over France. Details         
     
  • Webinar: Contributions of remote sensing to characterizing post-disturbance forest recovery in boreal forests; online; 21 November 2023, 17:00 CET. Speaker: Joanne White, Natural Resources Canada. The success and rate of forest regeneration following disturbance has consequences for sustainable forest management, climate change mitigation, and biodiversity, among others. Systematically monitoring forest regeneration over large and often remote areas of the boreal forest is challenging. The application of remotely sensed data to characterize post-disturbance recovery in the boreal has been an active topic of research for more than 25 years. Innovations in sensors, data policies, curated data archives, and increased computational capacity have enabled new insights on the characterization of post-disturbance forest recovery, particularly following stand replacing disturbances. The past, current, and potential future contributions of remote sensing to the characterization of forest recovery in boreal forests will be highlighted. Details     
     
  • Webinar: Tracking forest dynamics across spatial, temporal and ecological scales using airborne LiDAR; online; 17 October 2023, 16:00 CEST. Speaker: Tommaso Jucker, Selva Lab, University of Bristol.
    Characterising the processes that shape forest dynamics across broad spatial and temporal scales remains a major challenge in ecology. Satellite remote sensing has played an important role in helping to fill this knowledge gap, providing us with a global picture of how forests have been changing over the past several decades. However, relating changes in forest cover observed from space to the growth, mortality and recruitment of individual trees that ecologists typically measure in the field is anything but straightforward. In this talk I will explore a number of ways in which airborne LiDAR can act as a go-between satellites and ground data when it comes to tracking forest responses to disturbance across spatial, temporal and ecological scales.
    Video recording of webinar  
     
  • Webinar: New approaches for monitoring forest functioning in a changing climate – crossing scales from molecular mechanisms to stand wide processes; online; 18 April 2023, 16:00 CEST. Speaker: Arthur Gessler, Groupleader, SwissForestLab.
    Climate change is affecting forest functioning and jeopardizes the services forest ecosystems provide. Reduced water availability during drought events and increased temperatures affect photosynthetic carbon assimilation, tree growth and the defense capacity causing tree damage and mortality on the long-term. Forest monitoring (as carried out e.g., within the framework of ICP Forests) provides important information on the changes and long-term trajectories of tree health and mortality. Novel techniques might, however, provide additional mechanistic insights that can complement classical monitoring. Here we show how the characterization of crown defoliation (a standard ICP Forests metric) trajectories allow to predict the future mortality risk and how the leaf and needle metabolome in dying trees provides additional understanding of the mortality processes. In addition, continuous determination of the origin of water uptake (based on water isotoplogues) and the tree water deficit (based on point dendrometers) helps nowcasting the immediate stress responses of trees to extreme events. Finally, we explore how pre-visual stress signals from drone based remote sensing (e.g., the Photochemical Reflectance Index PRI) and its relationship to leaf level photo- and pigment chemistry might be implemented (and scaled to satellite based remote sensing) to better predict health and mortality risks in future.
    Video recording of webinar  
     
  • Webinar: Integrating plant physiology and community ecology across scales through trait-based models to predict drought mortality; online; 14 March 2023, 16:00 CET.
    Speaker: Anna Trugmann, University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB)
    Climate change has the potential to massively disrupt terrestrial ecosystem productivity, impacting biodiversity, and driving Earth’s forests to release carbon into the atmosphere, which would further exacerbate climate change. Plant functional traits, such as those that determine tree drought vulnerability, and the diversity in traits within a forest, modulate surface water, carbon, and energy fluxes. Yet, we do not know how species composition and their accompanying traits will change with climate change. In this talk, I leverage plant physiological observations, large observational databases, and trait-based ecosystem models to understanding the extent to which plant trait diversity can impact ecosystem resilience to drought events in the continental United States. I then discuss predictions and ecological uncertainties in a changing climate.
    Video Recording of webinar

  • Webinar: Past disturbance history, tree longevity, and recent tree mortality in temperate primary forests of east and south-east Europe; online; 18 January, 16:30 CET.
    Speaker: Miroslav Svoboda, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague
    Primary forests provide important baseline information for our managed forests. Despite intensive use, primary forests still exist in east and south-east Europe. Their past disturbance history provides important reference information for current attempt on application of closer-to-nature forest management in the region. Recent tree mortality and tree longevity patterns in primary forests provide important feedback about ability of the natural forests to cope with ongoing climate change.
    Video recording of webinar
     
  • Combined Webinar; online; 6 December 2022, 4:00 pm CET.

    Tree mortality and damage links in tropical forests;
    Speaker: Dr. Daniel Zuleta, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; ForestGEO.
    Large uncertainties remain on how tropical forests will respond to a rapidly changing climate. This uncertainty is primarily attributed to spatial variation in woody residence times (i.e., biomass losses via tree mortality and branchfall), which occur more abruptly than tree growth and recruitment. We used data from the ForestGEO annual monitoring program to study the relative importance of multiple tree-level factors involved in tree death, their physiological consequences, and their implications for aboveground biomass dynamics. While tree-level damage is the most common condition preceding death in tropical trees, non-lethal damage can contribute to significant amounts of aboveground biomass losses that are not necessarily captured by studies focused only on tree mortality. Ongoing efforts to resolve the timing of lethal and non-lethal biomass losses, their climatic drivers, and physiological consequences will improve our understanding of carbon woody residence time and predictions of the fate of forests in vegetation models.
    Quantifying spatial and temporal variation in canopy tree mortality and branchfalls in a tropical forest using repeat drone photogrammetry
    Speaker: Dr. Helene Muller-Landau, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute
    Tropical tree mortality and branchfall rates vary widely among sites and over time, in part in relation to climate.  However, we still have a relatively poor understanding of the drivers of tree mortality and branchfall, because their rates are low, requiring frequent and large-scale observations to quantify variation, which is infeasible with labor-intensive traditional field methods.  We used repeat drone photogrammetry to quantify temporal and spatial variation in canopy tree mortality and branchfall at high resolution and over large scales at Barro Colorado Island, Panama.  We documented high temporal and spatial variability, and found that temporal variability was related to strong rainfall events whereas spatial variability was related to soil type, topography, and stand age.
    Video recording of webinar
     
  • Webinar: How does sensitivity to climate change vary across Amazon forests?  Insights from ecophysiology, forest dynamics, remote sensing and modelling; online; 5 July 2022, 1600 CEST.
    Speaker: Dr. David Galbraith, Terrestrial Ecosystem Science at the School of Geography, University of Leeds.
    There is a pressing need to better understand and predict the impacts of climate change on Amazon forests, given their important role in the Earth System. In this talk, I present new results that reveal how the sensitivity of Amazon forests to climate stressors varies across the Basin, drawing upon new plant functional trait data collection, forest inventory data analyses, remote sensing and ecosystem modelling.
    Video recording of webinar
     
  • Webinar: Forest mortality dynamics in Germany – how can we cope with it?; online; 26 April 2022, 1600 CEST.
    Speaker: Andreas Bolte, Thünen Institute of Forest Ecosystems, Germany
    In the last years forests in Germany haved faced vitality decreases and mortality dynamics never seen before. About 25% of German forests are projected to be at risk for extensive disturbance events and ecosystem service losses within the next 30 years; their transformation to future resilient forests will cost billions of Euros. Based on an analysis of ongoing mortality dynamics and options for an adaptive forest management, solutions for future forest management will be discussed.
    Video recording of webinar
     
  • Webinar: Mortality of Afrotropical trees in a temperature manipulation experiment: Result from the Rwanda TREE project; online; 15 March 2022, 4 pm CET.
    Speaker: Bonaventure Ntirugulirwa, Forest Productivity and Improvement Program, Rwanda Forestry Authority, Ministry of Environment in Rwanda.
    Knowledge on mortality responses of tropical trees and communities under projected warmer climate is limited. Trees in tropical montane forests (TMFs) are considered particularly vulnerable to climate change, but this hypothesis remains poorly evaluated due to data scarcity. To reduce the knowledge gap on the warming response of TMFs, we have established a field experiment along an elevation gradient ranging from 2400 m a.s.l. (15.2 °C mean temperature) to 1300 m a.s.l. (20.6 °C mean temperature) in Rwanda.
    Video recording of webinar
     
  • Webinar: Climate variability, extremes, and attribution of high-impact ecological events: challenges and ways forward; online; 15 February 2022, 4 pm CET.
    Speaker: Dr. Ana Bastos, Max Planck Institute of Biogeochemistry.
    Climate and weather extremes impact tree functioning directly and can further trigger forest disturbances, thus affecting forest functioning and dynamics over periods much longer than the extreme per-se. With increased frequency or intensity of extreme events projected in the coming decades, extreme events might cluster in periods shorter than recovery times, thereby amplifying impacts and potentially inducing degradation and mortality trajectories. Understanding the links between atmospheric variability controlling extreme event occurrence and downstream impacts on forests is, therefore, crucial to: (i) separate trends in disturbance/mortality events due to natural vs. anthropogenically forced climate variability, (ii) improve process understanding about the drivers of high-impact ecological events and (iii) increase the robustness of future projections of forest dynamics.
    Video recording of webinar
     
  • Webinar: Recipes for Climate-Induced Bark Beetle-Caused Tree Mortality; online; 25 January 2022, 5 pm CET .
    Speaker: Dr. Barbara Bentz, US Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station.
    Globally, native bark beetles are contributing to increases in tree mortality and changes in climate are playing significant roles. Projecting future trends will be complicated by environmentally determined, evolved traits in both host trees and insects. Ingredients for bark beetle population success in future climates will be discussed.
    Video recording of seminar
     
  • Webinar: Conifer decline and mortality in Siberia; online; 9 December 2021, 2 pm CET / 4 pm MSK.
    Speaker: Dr. Viacheslav Kharuk, Head of the Forest Monitoring Lab at the Sukachev Institute of Forests.
    Conifer decline and mortality in the 21st century has been observed all over the boreal forests zone (e.g., Boyd et al., 2019), Europe (e.g., Hasenauer, & Seidl, 2017), and Russia (e.g., Kharuk et al., 2020). This report focused mostly on the causes of Siberian pine (Pinus sibirica Du Tour.) and fir (Abies sibirica Ledeb) decline and mortality in Siberia. In addition, recent insect (Zeiraphera griseana) and fungi (Melampsora sp.) attacks on the Larix sibirica stands are considered.
    Video recording of seminar  
     
  • Webinar: Segunda Reunión Preparatoria para BioForestALC: ¿Vamos a hablar sobre Bioeconomía del bosque en la Pan Amazonía?; en línea; 25 de noviembre de 2021, 04:00 PM (Sao Paulo). Inscripción 
     
  • Webinar: Impacts of disturbances on leaf area index and productivity of terrestrial ecosystems; online; 23 November 2021; 4 pm CET / 10 am EST.
    Speaker: Dr. Yude Pan, USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station, USA.
    An empirical model depicting the relationship between changes in leaf area index (LAI) and aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP) of terrestrial ecosystems provides an opportunity exploring these changes at a global scale. As LAI can be an effective indicator for ANPP, it also facilitates observations of larger scaled disturbances on terrestrial ecosystems and evaluating consequences in ANPP. These disturbances originated from both human activities and natural forces. Human disturbances such as deforestation around tropical rainforests evidenced losses in LAI. Natural disturbances related to changing climate are recognisable from intensified wildfires and droughts, which left marks in fire-prone regions and extremely dry lands. Although elevated atmospheric CO2 appeared to have enhanced global ANPP, disturbances and relevant tree mortality caused 30% of vegetated lands with reduced LAI and 14% with decreased ANPP.
    Video Recording of seminar

  • Webinar: Primera Reunión Preparatoria para BioForestALC: ¿Vamos a hablar sobre Bioeconomía del bosque en la Pan Amazonía?; en línea; 20 de octubre de 2021, 09:00 am (Sao Paulo). Inscripción  
     
  • Webinar: The global emergence of hotter-drought drivers of forest disturbance tipping points; online; 22 June 2021, 5:00 pm CEST.
    Speaker: Dr. Craig D. Allen, Department of Geography & Environmental Studies, University of New Mexico
    Current research is presented on global-scale patterns and trends of forest responses to increasingly hotter droughts, particularly extensive tree mortality and forest die-offs involving a range of interactive disturbances (e.g., water stress, insect outbreaks, high-severity wildfire). Diverse cross-scale observations and empirical findings increasingly indicate that amelioration of hotter-drought stress via fertilization of photosynthesis from elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations may soon be overwhelmed by heat and accelerated atmospheric drought. These findings highlight some current challenges in realistically projecting the future of global forest ecosystems (and their associated carbon pools and fluxes) with process-based Earth system models. In particular there is substantial evidence that forests dominated by larger, older trees may be disproportionately vulnerable to increased growth stress and mortality under hotter-drought conditions. The fates of these old trees in response to global change are of vital importance, given that they are essential as: a) disproportionately large carbon sinks; b) among the most biodiverse and rare terrestrial ecosystems; c) irreplaceable archives of environmental history; and d) venerated for many cultural reasons. Key scientific uncertainties that impede modeling progress are outlined, and examples of promising empirical modeling approaches are illustrated.
    Video Recording of seminar
     
  • Webinar: Tree mortality modeling – a tool for ecological inference and a challenge for projecting forest dynamics;online; 6 May 2021, 5:00 pm CEST
    Speaker: Dr. Lisa Hülsmann, University of Regensburg (Germany)
    Tree death is ubiquitous in forests, even without climate change, and has a lasting impact on forest structure, species composition, biomass, and biodiversity. By relating tree mortality and other vital rates to tree, forest, and environmental conditions, we can therefore identify the mechanisms that govern the shape of forest ecosystems. In turn, these empirical relationships can be useful for projecting future forest dynamics and range limits of tree species. In the talk, I will discuss empirical tree mortality models as a diagnostic opportunity and a modeling challenge through two examples: the role of conspecific negative density dependence (Janzen-Connell effects) for tree diversity and the tighter coupling of dynamic vegetation models to forest data.
    Video Recording of seminar
     
  • Webinar: Rising tree mortality in the Anthropocene; online; 24 March 2021, 09:00 MDT, 16:00 CET, 20:30 IST
    Speaker: Nate McDowell
    Tree mortality is rising in most documented locations but the drivers and mechanisms of this trend are unknown. Changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide, temperature, and vapor pressure deficit, along with drought, are primary potential drivers. Mechanisms linking these drivers to mortality include water, carbon, and pathogen defense processes. These processes are interdependent such that failure of one can lead to failure of the others. Prediction of future mortality is challenged by our understanding of the mechanisms, however, some evidence suggests the growing mortality rates are likely to continue well into the future. The webinar will be concluded with a review of the numerous challenges and opportunities for predicting future tree mortality.
    Video Recording of seminar
     
  • Webinar: Tree mortality in Australian ecosystems: past, present and future; online; 23 February 2021, 09:00 AM in Canberra, Melbourne, Sydney (GTM +11:00).
    Speaker: Prof Belinda Medlyn, Western Sidney University
    Australia is not only the driest inhabited continent, it also experiences high interannual variability in rainfall, and severe multi-year droughts. Tree death from drought is thus a recurring feature of the Australian landscape. In this talk I will review our current understanding of drought mortality in Australian ecosystems, including the historical context, current field research on the extent and mechanisms of drought dieback and recovery, and the development of models to predict future drought mortality risk.
    Video Recording of Seminar
     
  • Tree mortality in the Amazon across local hydrological gradients: how water table depth may save or condemn trees as climate changes; online; 19 January 2021, 16:00 hrs CET.
    Speaker: Speaker: Flávia Costa, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (Brazilian Institute of Amazonian Research) - INPA, Brazil
    Dr Costa presented results of 20 years of investigation on patterns of forest response to soil hydrology (more specifically water table depth) during normal and extreme climatic years to examine the hypothesis that shallow water tables buffer forests from droughts and forests in these conditions may even be benefited by droughts. Dr Costa also presented some data on the hydraulic trait distributions along hydrological gradients to analyse the shifting implications to mortality during moderate to strong droughts.
    Video Recording of Seminar             
     
  • Webinar: Global forest monitoring using satellite data; online; 17 November 2020, 17:00 - approx. 18:30 hrs CET.
    Speaker: Matt C. Hansen, University of Maryland
    Earth observation data enable the monitoring of forest extent and change from national to global scales. Consistent processing of time-series images has made possible the operational production of global tree cover extent, loss and gain products.  However, attribution of dynamics in the context 1) reference state, for example forest type, 2) change factor, for example fire or logging, and 3) outcome, for example land use type or natural recovery, is more challenging.   In addition to mapping, the requirement to perform robust sample-based analyses to report on all themes is underappreciated.  This talk will review our work on characterizing forest dynamics at the global scale using multi-source satellite imagery, including mapping and sampling, in the context of current operational versus future aspirational capabilities.
    Report - Video Recording of Seminar         
     
  • Challenges and solutions for merging tree mortality datasets; Würzburg, Germany; 31 March - 2 April 2020. By invitation only
     
  • 2019: Inaugural meeting at the IUFRO World Congress in Curitiba, Brazil.

Send comments to Henrik Hartmann (Task Force Coordinator)